Roofing



(No Model.) s

- G. CROWL.

ROOPING. n No. 360,796. .'PatentedApr. 5, 1887.

l l Ll!! mi i I r n r Il f l f UNITED vSTATns PATENT Ori-rien.;

GEORGE CROWL, OF NE7 LISBON, OHIO.

ROOFING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 360,796, dated April 5,1887.-

Application filed February 9, i887. Serial No. 227,049. (No modell.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, GEORGE CRowL, a citizen of the United States,residing at New Lisbon, in the county of Columbiana and State of Ohio,have invented new and useful Improvements in Roofing, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in` roofing, referring especiallyto corrugated metal roofing, the objects being to constructa metal-plateroof that will permit all expansion and contraction due to the weatherwithout injury, and in which the nails or other means oi' attaching onelayer of plates to the framework of the building will be covered by thenext higher layer of plates, so .that no nail or attachment opening willbe exposed to the rain, thus avoiding the risk of forming leaks in theroof. ,f

rlhe invention exists more particularly in the construction andarrangement of the means by which the plates are connected together,and, further, in certain details of construction, hereinafter described,and pointed out in the claims. i

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure l is i a plan view of a part of theroong, showing the longitudinal strip on the edge of the plates and thetongues of metal by means of which the layers of plates are connected.Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of a layer of plates, showing howthe same are connected at their edges.- Fig. 3 is alongitudinalsectional view through the engaging-tongue, to show how itconnects with the strip on the under side of the plate above. Fig. 4L isa reversed plan view of one of the plates, showing the transverse stripwith which the tongues on the next lower plate engage.

Referring to the drawings, in which similar letters denote correspondingparts in all the figures, A designates one plate ofthe improvedcorrugated-metal roofing, nailed near its upper end or edge to theframe-workof theroof, through the downwardly-pointingtongues of metal aa, which are placed between the corrugations ct which run from the upperto the lower edge of the plate when the same is in place. The saidtongues are thus secured in place in the groove between thecorrugations, with the upper end of the tongue fixed to the plate andthe lower end free, the securing-nail thus firmly bindingthe plate inplace on the roof at the point where the said plate naturally touchesthe roof.

B represents a transverse strip of metal, se-y cured across the plate onits under side and near its lower edge, and the said strip is not tooclosely attached to the plate at the points where it passes under thegrooves between the corrugations, being designed to leave a slight spacebetween the said strip and the under side of the plate, so that thetongue a on the lower layer of the plates can readily engage therewithby passing through 'the said slight space vbetween the strip and theunder side of the plate.

C is a metal strip,sec ured longitudinally on one edge of eachplate by anail driven through the said strip and the top of the corrugationforming the edge or adjacent thereto, and having the inner edge, c, ofthe said strip extended and free to engage with the meeting hooked edgec of the adjacent plate in the same layer.

All the plates are similar, each having a strip, O, on one edge, andhaving the opposite edge, c', turned under to forni the hook, asdescribed.

To apply the rooting, a layer of plates are nailed to the eaves of thehouse, the edges of the plates in the layer being connected or hookedtogether, as4 before shown and described, the nails being driven throughthe strips on the edges and the corrugations, and also through thetongues near the upper edges of the plates, each plate being properlysecured before its successor is applied, (this beingabsolutelynecessary, as the said succeeding plate, when applied, coversthe part of the former plate through which the securing-nails should bedriven.) The plates in the next upper layer are then put in place byhooking the strips B over the tongues a, this being done by simplylaying the upper plate having the strip on top of the lower plate havingthe tongue and sliding said upper plate up into its place, the tongueengaging in the strip as the latter passes upwardly. After this layerhas been put in place and nailed, as described, in connection with thelower layer, a third course is applied in the same manner, and so on tothe top of the roof, the layer of plate at the extreme top not havingthe en- IOO gaging-tongues, as there arc no plates to engage therewith.

The advantages of this construction are that the corrugations permitexpansion and contraction in the direction of the side edges of theplates, or transversely of the said corrugations, and the looseconnection of the tongues a and the strips B permits expansion in thedirection of the upper and lower edges of the plates, or longitudinallyof the said corrugations.

Thejoints formed by the strips C and the hooked edges of the adjacentplates are perfectly watertight, and the nail-holes in one plate, beingcovered by the edge of the next adjacent plate which forms the hookedconnection therewith, are not exposed to the weather, but are completely covered from rain, &e., and consequently' cannot form leaks throughthe roof.

The nail-holes through the upper edges of the plates, made by the nailswhich secure the engaging-tongues to the said plate, are also covered bythe lower edge of the platesin the layer above. In fact, all theconnections of the roofing and the building are covered, the layers ofplates breaking the vertical joints, as in all other styles of roofing.

Thus I provide a style of roofing which, besides being liighlyornamental, and therefore desirable for that reason, is also easily andrapidly laid, and when properly applied, as hereinbefore described,cannot possibly leak, as all the joints are carefully covered, will notreadily rust out, as the edges of the material are concealed, and cannotbe torn off by the wind, as there are no projections to offer resistancethereto, andthe nailing is applied to the points where the greatestservice and benefit can be derived therefrom.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. A roofing composed of plates arranged in ascending layers, the platesin each layer having transverse strips secured to their under surfacesnear their lower edges, and downwardly-projeeting tongues secured totheir upper surfaces near their upper edges, so that the said tonguesand strips will engage when the roofing is laid from the eaves up,substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.l

2. Ametal roofing composed of corrugated plates arranged in ascendinglayers, the corrugations extending from the upper to the lower edges ofthe plates, each plate having a transverse strip secured to its undersurface near its lower edge, and downwardly-extending tongues secured toits upper surface near its upper edge, 'so that the layers of plates canbe engaged from the ends upward, substantially as described, for thepurpose set forth.

3. In a metallic roofing composed of plates arranged in layers, thecombination, with the plates, each having one edge hooked or bent under,provided with corrugations running from its upper to its lower edge, andnailed near its upper edge to the understructure of the roof, so thatthe nail-holes will be covered by the plates in the next upper layer, ofthe strips secured longitudinally to the edges of the plates oppositetheir hooked edges and forming with the hooked edges of the adjacentplates water-tight joints, substantially as described, for the purposeset forth.

4:. In a metallic rooting composed of corrugated plates arranged inlayers, the transverse strip secured to the under side of each platenear the lower edge, the tongues secured in the grooves of thecorrugations on the upper side of the plates near the upper edge bynailing through said tongue and plate and into the frame-work of theroof, the longitudinal strip secured to one edge of the plate by nailingtherethrough and through the corrugation adjacent to the edge and intothe frame-work of the roof, and the underturned hook to engage in theinner edge of the said longitudinal strip, so that the said nail-holesare covered and protected from the weather, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE CROVL.

XVitnesses:

HENRY E. Fnos'r, GEORGE McCRowL.

